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1: The souls separation

As Christians believe in the existence of a soul, the first step involves separation. As a human passes away, Christians believe that their true self (soul) leaves its temporary preparation body. As a result, the body will start to decompose if left on its own, as it does not contain the soul. The existence of a soul is seen many times in the bible, here is just one example of the separation which occurs: Ecclesiastes 12:7 "Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was: and the spirit shall return to the god who gave it"         

2: Judgment by the lord 

After the soul of the deceased has separated, it will immediately be judged by the lord to suffering and hell, or comfort and heaven. On the flip side of both, the soul may be sent  to purgatory to be prepared for heaven, and cleansed of any sins. Being condemned to purgatory is basically the same as heaven, as the soul has known for certain his destination. Here is a quote form the bible which outlines judgment: Ecclesiastes 12:14 "for god will bring every deed into judgment, with every secret thing, wether good or evil"       

3: Heaven and Hell

Once the soul has been judged, it will end up in its destination: heaven, hell or purgatory. This is end of judgement period, and the soul will be either eternally dammed to hell, or rewarded with heaven. This will not change until the end of the world, or "The resurrection" when all souls will be reunited with their humanly bodies and judged once again by the lord. Here is a quote from the bible: Romans 2:6 - 2:8 "To them who by patient continuance in well doing seek for glory, honour, immortality: eternal life, but unto them that are contentious, do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness: wrath and indignation"